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The French Prime Minister ((フランス語:Premier ministre français)) in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France.〔(Constitutional Council - Constitution of 4 October 1958 )〕 During the Third and Fourth Republics, the head of government position was called President of the Council of Ministers ((フランス語:Président du Conseil des Ministres)), generally shortened to President of the Council ((フランス語:Président du Conseil)). The Prime Minister proposes a list of ministers to the President of the Republic. Decrees and decisions of the Prime Minister, like almost all executive decisions, are subject to the oversight of the administrative court system. Few decrees are taken after advice from the Council of State ((フランス語:Conseil d'État)). All prime ministers defend the programs of their ministry, and make budgetary choices. The extent to which those decisions lie with the Prime Minister or President depends upon whether they are of the same party. Manuel Valls was appointed to lead the government in a cabinet reshuffle in March 2014, after the ruling Socialists suffered a bruising defeat in local elections. == Nomination == The Prime Minister is appointed by the President of the Republic. The President can choose whomever he wants. While prime ministers are usually chosen from amongst the ranks of the National Assembly, on rare occasions the President has selected a non-officeholder because of their experience in bureaucracy or foreign service, or their success in business management — Dominique de Villepin, for example, served as Prime Minister from 2005 to 2007 without ever having held an elected office. On the other hand, because the National Assembly does have the power to force the resignation of the government, the choice of prime minister must reflect the will of the majority in the Assembly. For example, right after the legislative election of 1986, President François Mitterrand appointed Jacques Chirac prime minister. Chirac was a member of the RPR and a political opponent of Mitterrand. Despite the fact that Mitterrand's own Socialist Party was the largest party in the Assembly, it did not have an absolute majority. The RPR had an alliance with the UDF, which gave them a majority. Such a situation, where the President is forced to work with a prime minister who is an opponent, is called a cohabitation. So far, Édith Cresson is the only woman to have ever held the position of prime minister.〔(Britannica Mobile - iPhone Edition )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prime Minister of France」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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